Factors Affecting International Energy Policy

Factors Affecting planetary Energy PolicyInternational Energy PolicyZe CassuleThe factors affecting the capacity of international agreements for the petroleum and fumble fabricationThe anele colour and bollixconade patience has certainly come a long way since the first denudation of crude in Texas. Whilst at that place argon s eeral opinions about what the next holds for the Gas and Oil Industry, in that respect is one truly unquestionable item that preparet influence not only the Gas and Oil Industry, nevertheless the macrocosm as well there apply been signifi stinkpott changes universal and the contract for get-up-and-go across the world exit of course sustain to grow.Population growth and the undisputed craving of currently under split uped countries to discharge success economically speaking. It is hazy at the moment as to what tramp the guide allow grow but irrespective of this, the nothing beseech is already there and will continue.The DECC (Depart ment of Energy Climate Change) governs the licensing system for the UKs offshore and onshore emergence and management of the gasolene and embrocate reserves.yield licencesWhen the DECC dispenses a production licence to a group of companies or a single company the saucily licensee is basically given sole covers to do for, explore for and produce natural gas and oil within an study that has been specified. Production License owners must be confident and certain of these rights they cede been granted prior to making any investments that are deemed necessary to fundamentally develop gas and oil fields worldwide. Within the production licences there is an Exclusivity Clause which prevents companies from set uping rival wells which would try and use and develop from the same re line.Legislation and regulationThe DECC is governed by the UK Government and Parliament and the escritoire of State for Energy and Climate Change in the Pet componentum moment 1998 to allow for gas and oil exploration.The production licences which are issued include wrong and conditions under which the DECC has the role to oversee and regulate companies activities for things such as Oil and gas drillingOil and gas field production and developmentLicence operatorship and transfersThe confidentiality and retentiveness of dataThe DECC is a governing body of sorts and likewise manages and oversees all offshore environmental regulation and the decommissioning of offshore oil and gas installations and pipelines.It seems like the DECC is the be-all and end-all of the oil and gas industry regulations but there are many dynamism related activities that the DECC doesnt actually regulate. The subsequent storage of petroleum based spirits fall under the jurisdiction of the HSE (Health and sentry duty Exe stretchive) and Local Authorities.Framework of the cogency policiesIn the UK, (Wales and England in particular), when a accord for development application is made for a significant na tional brawniness organisation project, there are indemnity processes which are applicableThe UK prep Inspectorate firstly receives and then considers the said application under the Planning cultivate 2008.The Planning Inspectorate then makes their recommendations to UK ministers at the DECC (Department of Energy Climate Change)Finally, the DECC ministers take everything into musing and make their final decision.Each and every significant national energy organisation project is determined and defined asPower post which includes wind farms (both onshore and offshore) with a capacity of generating in surfeit of 50 megawatts (onshore) and 100 megawatts (offshore)Liquefied natural gas and large gas answer facilities as well as the underground storage of gas as heap out in the 2008 Planning ActElectricity power lines which are above the ground at 132 kilovolts or aboveGas transporter pipelines and cross country oil and gas pipelines which meet the thresholds and conditions as s et out in the 2008 Planning ActThe European bursting charge 2030 policy manikin for energy and clime has clear determinations and purposes to make the saving and energy system within the European core oftentimes more secure, sustainable and competitive.Whilst the European Union seems to be making a huge deal of do towards meeting its climate and energy targets for 2020, an integrated policy role model for the period up to 2030 has been deemed as an necessity to ensure that regulatory certainty for potential investors and much more co-ordinated approach amongst Member States.The framework presented by the European Commissionin January of this year sought to drive a ceaseless development and progress to an economy which is basically low-carbon. The framework aims to develop a secure and competitive energy system that enables all consumers to purchase low-cost energy, increases the EUs security of their energy supplies, lessens our dependence on imported energy and withal creates new growth, jobs and opportunities.In March of this year (2014) leaders of the European Union agreed to finalise the framework by October 2014.Their framework has a come of objectives and goals which will of course effect the future of the gas and oil industry.40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissionsThe crux of the framework is the goal to strike down by 40% the domestic greenhouse gas emissions by 2030.This goal will guarantee that the European Union is on their economical right track in meeting its objective of reducing emissions by 80% (at least) by 2050. This goal is essentially range the level of climate dreaming for the year 2030, the European Union are also looking to actively engage in the consultations on a relatively new climate agreement that ought to take effect from 2020.The overall 40% target looks set to be succeedd, the sectors covered by the European Union Emissions Trading system of rules (ETS) would have to significantly reduce their emissions compa red to 2005 by at least 43%.Sectors outside the European Union Emissions Trading System would need to cut their emissions by 30% below the level they were at in 2005.27% Increase in the share of renewable energyIt looks like renewable energy will continue to play a significant role in the energy and climate evolution to secure a sustainable energy system. It has been enunciateed that the Commission has proposed an objective of increasing the renewable energy share to 27% of the European Unions consumption of energy by 2030.30% Increase in energy efficiencyA proposed 30% targeted increase in energy savings has been suggested by the European Commission after a review of the EED (Energy Efficiency Directive). The target which has been proposed seems to build on the already reached targets and achievements in the construction industry, new builds use 50% of the energy they did in the 80s and overall, industry is around 19% less energy intensive than it was nearly 15 years ago.EU emissi ons trading system reformIn order to make the European Union Emissions Trading System more effective and robust in the promotion of a predominantly low-carbon investment at a much smaller cost to consumers. It is believed that the reserve would address both the surplus of allowances for emissions that have built up in recent years and also to greatly improve the resilience of the system in relation to key shocks by essentially adjust automatically the supply of the allowance.Affordable and secure energyThe proposition from the Commission has a set of key indicators to assess the progress over time and deliver a basis for action as required.The difference in energy prices with trading partners, the supply variation and the reliance on natural energy sources are just some examples of what progressions will be looked at in more detail.A new memorial tablet frameworkThe proposition of the 2030 framework suggests that a new governance framework which will be based upon national strateg ies for a competitive source of sustainable and secure energy.Energy costs and prices reportThe Commission which is setting out the framework is supplemented by an energy price and costs report which will assess the key handlers and compare European Union prices with those of the principal trading partners. The 2030 framework will be informed of these findings.In lastLooking ahead Apparently, and according to the latest energy observation tower by ExxonMobil Oil consumption across the globe is around 230 million lay of Oil like per Day (BOE-D). Gas and Oil supply somewhat 60% of the total energy aim with 20% of the remaining demand coming from coal and the remaining 20% coming from hydro, wind, solar and nuclear energy.Predictions by ExxonMobil are that in just six years time, there will be an increase of some 24% for the worldwide demand of energy with around 80% of this coming from previously underdeveloped. It has been reported that the outlook for gas and oil is that it t hey will both continue to supply the world energy demand by about 60% by 2020. This essentially means that an additional 30+ million Barrels of Oil Equivalent per Day of both gas and oil will need to be produced to meet these high demands.There are some unique challenges that will need to be met in order for oil and gas producers to achieve these goals and meet the demand for future gas and oil supplies.Access to particular ResourcesAt the moment, the most unyielding issue in the gas and oil industry appears to be the access to substantial and significant quantities of gas and oil resources. There seems to be a general consensus that there is more than abundant oil to meet the demand in the future, however in excess of 80% of the worlds gas and oil resources lie at the mercy of NOCs (National Oil Companys) and governments. Politics will, as ever play a huge part in whether the future oil and gas supplies will be readily available when they are unavoidableCost of ServicesThe incre ased costs for all services including procurement, drilling, facilities, engineering science and construction will play a major(ip) part in the future of gas and oil supply and I think that this would be a major factor for all oil companies across the world.boring rigs or oil rigs would be a major factor and new rigs look set to become available for both deep peeing and also onshore areas within the very near future. This obviously doesnt entirely solve the problem. Professionals who are experienced and have the technical know-how will need to be available to operate the new machinery this is a major problem in the gas and oil industries as they are very hard to find.New and Innovative TechnologiesThere is going to be an on-going need for new technology that can help with all aspects of oil and gas production. These new technologies will need to be able to not only find and develop new sources but also be able to actually produce more gas and oil. One of the major influences in the past has been technology and is one of the major driving forces in the oil and gas industry. Being able to produce and deliver gas and oil in an effective, efficient and safe way whilst still taking into consideration the huge impacts on the environment.Bearing in mind the maddened challenges that the oil and gas industry will continue to face we can still predict that gas and oil companies may need to center on the resilience of the energy supply chain globally. Safety will always be in the forefront in terms of concerns for gas and oil companies and it is safe to say that accountability and safety will forge relationships between service companies and owners.The gas and oil industries are facing a multilevel challenge in that they have to meet the growing demand for energy whilst reducing the greenhouse gas emissions and continually protect the environment.In order for the gas and oil companies to provide both long and condensed term solutions they will have to continue to carry on partnering with industry stakeholders and governments in investing and developing cleaner technologies and new energy sources.References/Bibliography