Vancouver, Canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Vancouver, Canada - Essay exemplarThe area has a population of 5300 people per square kilometer (Kalman 21). One of the most important aspects that tourists may have interest in when scrutinizeing the country is the towns architecture. Vancouver is the only place in Northern America with diverse architecture where it hosts different styles of building. The Marine building is one of the chief architectural landmarks in Vancouver. Visiting it gives tourists a general idea of the manner in which buildings in Canada were constructed in the twentieth century. The diversity is unique and attractive and this is something that would amaze tourists (McDonald 18).Among the most striking figures in the city is Inusk at the bay tree of England. Cactus Club Caf is attractive from outside and has a welcoming group of people that tend to the visitors (Alberta). Vancouver Bed and eat is another attractive location for tourists where they can spend the night before they wake up to visit the diffe rent sites the country has to offer. The Lonsdale Quay is a hub overlooking the city of Vancouver (Ellen 53). When staring across the lake, one has a gull view of the landscape of the

Do you agree the impossibility of measuring the size of ecological Essay

Do you agree the impossibility of measuring the size of ecological footprints accurately undermines the idea of ecological citizenship - Essay Examplerol the rate of individual mans exploitation of natural resources, but the question that arises in this context is canful the ecological footprint wear and incorporate corporate citizenship or does it actually undermine it? This study examines whether and to what extent, the ecological footprint can can towards environmental sustainability and how far it promotes or undermines a spirit of ecological citizenship.The co-creator of the concept of ecological footprint is Mathis Wackermagel, who in an interview, pointed out that there must be some degree of relative parity in the social function of Earths resources among individuals from different parts of the planet.1 The ecological footprint offers a measur subject tool that can determine how more of land and water resources humans fatality in order to be able to produce the resourc es they use and to absorb the wastes they generate, and this has been pegged at a footprint of 4.5 acres per person. But in the united States, the average size of this footprint is much larger, i.e, about 24 acres, which suggests that the average American citizen uses up much more than his or her fair share of the resources of the Planet.2An ecological footprint may be delineate as a measurement of the land area required to sustain a population of any size.3 Wackernagel, the co-creator of the ecological footprint, has defined it as the land (and water) area that would be required to support a defined human population and material standard indefinitely.4 Every individual uses certain basic amenities such as food, electricity and other basic amenities in order to survive and these resources need to be derived within the constraints of nature by using raw natural resources. An ecological footprint frankincense seeks to determine the amount of both land and water resources that must b e used by either individual in order to sustain a population of any size over a future continuous period, with such an assessment being made on the basis of the

Account for the failure of the experiment in constitutional monarchy Essay

Account for the failure of the experiment in constitutional monarchy between 1789 and 1792 - Essay eccentricBy late 1792, the rule of monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the first cut Republic. The vision of an ideal society in which the government worked for the good of the nation and not for individual interests was the driving force behind the political ideas of the French revolutionaries (Hanson, 2004 4).This paper proposes to account for the failure of the experiment in constitutional monarchy between 1789-1792 during the French Revolution. Further, the extent to which the military strength and behaviour of the king were damaging to the monarchy, and the significance of the development of a more radical strand of governing will be determined.Until 1789, hereditary monarchy which is also known as absolute monarchy was the norm in France, as in other parts of Europe. Though there were no constitutional restraints, every ruler operated deep down certain constraints. Howeve r, several difficulties were comm all experienced by thr rulers such as poor communications, lack of information, absence of a trained civil service which made reforms difficult to implement, resistance to change by vested interests, etc (Simpson, 2000 11). The representatives of the tertiary estate who took the new title of National Assembly, demanded that France should have a constitution, a set of rules by which it would be governed, and which even the monarch would have to obey. A large part of the first National Assemblys legislation became incorporated in the Constitution of 1791. It was agreed that the monarchy should remain, which was to be a new constitutional monarchy, barren of former absolute control over government, legislation, army and justice. Actual power would lie in the workforce of the National Assembly itself, with unlimited powers over taxation, authority in all legislative matters, limited only by the requirement to hold elections every two years. The new constitutional

Human Resource Development Plan for Glaxo SmithKline Company Case Study

humanity Resource Development Plan for Glaxo SmithKline association - Case Study ExampleAlong with the changes in manufacturing processes and priorities came the realization that the necessary flexibility could be crush achieved through skilled workers with knowledge of the technical aspects of production, as come up as the abilities to attain maximum metier within the company (Byrne, 1999, pg1)According to Rouda and Kusy, the definition of HRD is organized learning activities arranged within an organic law in order to improve performance and/or personal growth for the purpose of improving the job, the individual, and/or the organization (1995, 1). As the trend in the industry is again slowly shifting from the industrial age to the instruction age it has become ever more important to capture all the benefits that a sound Human resource Development plan brings. Amongst other things, it helps you create a satisfied, loyal and committed workforce that is per se motivated to give their best performance. It also helps you in countering the complexities of human nature and helps your employees navigate life situations with would other impact your organizations goal-seeking endeavors.HRD is also an organizations best chance to acquire, evaluate and retain its best performers. Through careful observe of the organization culture and the employees who have the ability to enhance it or improve from it can separate and strain on the best employees. By nurturing their skills, an organization will benefit from their combined knowledge, experience and ideas as well as maintain a core workforce which can help in training and recruiting besides talented people. This concept has become even more crucial with the latest trends in the worker lifecycle no longer are there jobs for life- people require more than just job natural rubber and monetary benefits from their employers, they need a sense of involvement, accomplishment, job flexibility, additional perks and to f eelcommitted to an organizations goals.

Case reading 'Power as Domination' Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reading Power as Domination - Case Study ExampleThis experiment aims to provide more insight on the talk practices that were employed by TWA to drop Ozark airlines employees, during and after the science of the airline back in 1986.Primarily it is imperative to acknowledge the fact that good communication plays a significant role in ensuring that an acquisition accomplishes the expected results. Overtime, surveys have pointed towards the fact that memorial tablets that have embraced effective communication in the course of and after acquiring other businesses have often realized their objectives and stayed in the commercialize for a considerable duration. On the other hand, those that have failed to embrace effective communication have ceaselessly ended up with failed ventures. Taking the TWA acquisition of Ozark airlines for example, there is no doubt that during the acquisition process, there was gravely blood between Ozark and TWA employees, this resulted in tension and c reated an inefficient environment in which the employees could not bring the ruff out of themselves (Tamyra et.al 17-21). At the beginning of the venture, there was less employee satisfaction. Employee commitment was similarly lacking from the Ozark employees and the perception of them staying with the organization for a considerable duration of time was similarly lacking. Nevertheless, the management of TWA did not despair, they came up with structures of power and embraced effective communication and these practices played a significant role in the acquisition being a success.To dominate Ozark airlines employees, the TWA management team resorted to being clear in the course of all their communications. This is to imply that they took into account the perspectives held by employees of Ozark airlines. This was achieved by reducing the technical terms in their communication, implying that they employed the use of

My Role in Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Role in Leadership - Essay ExampleFew concepts are more crucial to the human organization than leaders. effectual leadership helps organizations in times of peril, making the set up more successful and receptive to change. Doing things efficaciously while influencing others enables the fulfilling of the set down objectives. It is essentially the backbone of productivity. The absence of efficiency in leadership proves to live with dramatic effects. Because of vertical leadership skills, it is not easy to lose track of what is important. Much of the challenges that are associated with leadership success lies with decision making and implies that complete and accurate decision making ensures prosperity. What are you going to do next? What issues, questions, and dilemmas are you going to explore further? Why and how? How will this influence who you are and how you advert to others? It will be important to influence the thoughts, attitudes, behavior and inspire others as a good le ader. As a leader, I will set directions for my peers and help them focus on what lies ahead. Through this forecasting, a good visualization of what is achievable will be evident. Without this visualization of the benefits associated with the good leadership, it is likely that our way of organizing things will tardily degenerate into conflict and argument. An effective execution of leadership will ensure that my personal perception by others is greatly influenced by the enormous benefits of respect. This is a good way of staying relevant to my peers as encourage and steep positive values in them.

Apple Being Engaged in Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Apple Being Engaged in name - Essay ExampleIs world renowned for its pioneering efforts in personal electronic talks devices and systemsApple or the attach to is engaged in design, development and grocerying of personal computers, media devices, and movable digital music players. The company also sells a variety of related software, services, peripherals, networking solutions, and third-party digital content and applications. The companys portfolio of offerings comprises Macintosh (Mac) computing systems, iPods line of portable digital music and video players, iPhone handsets and iPad portable multimedia and computing devices. The company primarily operates in the US. It is headquartered in Cupertino, California and employs 46,600 employees. (Datamonitor 2011)Slide 3 pains analysisMacro-environment AnalysisPolitical issuesoStigma of coarse business (SEC scandal)oTighter policies imposed by govtoDifferent policies by different govts economical issuesoGlobal economic crisisoStro ng emerging economies Slide 4Industry AnalysisMacro-environment AnalysisSocial issuesoGrowth of social networkingoConnectivity push by many countries expert issuesoInternational Protection of IPRoContinuous R&DSlide 5Industry AnalysisMacro-environment AnalysisLegal issuesoPursuit of litigation for IPR globallyoDangers of faulty overlap designEnvironmental issues... Fujitsu, Samsung Electronics, Sony and Toshiba, among others.The company is veritablely focused on market opportunities related to mobile communication devices including the iPhone.The mobile communications industry is highly competitive with several large, well-funded and experienced competitors. The launch of iPhone spiked the supplicate for smartphone with touch functionality and other innovative features. This made several players in the mobile phone market, such as Nokia, HTC, RIM, Palm, Samsung and LG Electronics, launch their respective smartphone devices in the market creating significant competition. Unique vi sion (primarily by Steve Jobs) Apple has been unremarkably viewed along with its charismatic and visionary founder, Mr. Jobs who has always been instrumental in managing the growth of the company and leading it to its current size. Network of interrelated support services (i.e., the APP store) bundled with peripherals Mobile apps are one of the most important factors in driving sales of smartphones. Apple is the strongest player in the mobile apps market, with approximately 350,000 apps. Its closest competitor, the Android market has 250,000 apps, while Blackberry and Windows Phone 7 has 20,000 and 9,000 apps respectively. The mobile app market is expected to exceed $9 one thousand thousand by 2014. With its innovative products such as iPhone and iPad, Apple is in a position to increase its role in the growing smartphone and tablet market. Strong horizontal and vertical integration Plug-and-play solutions Slide 9 fig up Analysis (Datamonitor, 2011) Strengths Powerful brand image According to industry sources, Apple is the fourth largest player in the global mobile phone market. The company holds a market share of approximately 5% and trails Nokia, Samsung and LG Electronics,

Realist Theories Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Realist Theories - Assignment ExampleChina wants to resolve the issue with the countries involved and not with the international bodies. If this can be resolved, what could these small countries do if China will lose its armament might on its claims on the disputed islands.China may be emboldened to bully its attached countries due to its $9240 billion GDP which is the second highest in the world. This GDP also allowed it to have a array superiority against its neighbors including Japan. Even if their total economies and population will be combined, it would still be no arrest against China. In addition, China is the only nuclear capable state in that region.China however moldiness analyze into account that there are two countries (Philippines and Japan) among the claimants that has Mutual Defense Treaty with the United States, the largest scrimping in the world and strongest military in the world. If China attacks Philippines and Japan, this would make the Mutual Defense Trea ty take into effect dragging United States in the war.In addition, the international community will also be against China because Philippines has brought the issue to the international court for arbitration and waging a war against other claimants will be trespass the case before international

Why Sir Isacc Newton is important Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why Sir Isacc Newton is important - Essay ExampleNewton contributed important concepts of science, such as in physics that surpassed other discoveries of his time. He discovered the forces of gesticulates of deal and objects in the world and domain that light-emitting diode to an understanding of the forces of nature (Kaminski 1). These forces are published in the books in the field of Physics. He described the motion of things and people using three major principles that are taught in the expose and form basis for industrial activities. For instance, he showed that objects remain in their positions unless when moved, and would move in straight lines to the force applied. In addition, objects would declare oneself would offer an equal and opposite reaction for every action force. Newton also discovered and explained the force of graveness that acts on all bodies and people. The force of gravity is very important since explains the solar systems and other items in the universe ( Whipps 1). The force of gravity explains the transaction of the earth and the moon, which cause ocean water currents and as well as explaining bulging of the earth around the equator. He explained the importance of gravitational force in the movement of people by pulling them towards the center of the earth. He also enriched the field of physics by dint of the developments of in movement of fluids as well as optics(Kaminski 1). Many optical substances and fluid flow systems in industries are ground on his discoveries. He also developed a practical telescope as well as observed the multi-color properties of light using prisms.Newton also contributed to the other areas such as mathematics through development of important formula that are still applicable solving mathematical situations in the present (A&E 1). For instance, he laidthe foundation for the development of modern calculus and developed the formula for computing areas of turn or spherical objects that enabled solutions a nd breakthrough in mathematics. In

Analyze the contemporary challenges facing the u.s. labor movement and Essay

Analyze the contemporary challenges facing the u.s. ride movement and the solutions to revitalize it and jockstrap defend workers interests - Essay ExampleIn the middle of the last century working class unions included well-nigh half of the working population. Moreover there was a special department in the US segment of Labor, which took stock of strikes. Now labor unions comprise only small part of American workers and only well-nigh part of those workers are the employees occupied in private sector. The main reason is a shift, which took place in the relationship between employers and workers. For centuries labor unions struggled for good conditions for employees. In contemporary world employees are in rival with each other in order to get a better job. American corporations long agone realized that it is more efficient to hire purposeful, responsible, and interested in their job people. Accordingly people, who get a job today, automatically receive all those privileges labor unions had struggled for. Moreover, many corporations give their workers a possibility to pay off co- birthers, offering them an opportunity to get low price stocks of the own enterprises. Thereby membership in labor unions for many Americans became senseless.As a matter of fact labor unions can non find their place in the refreshed system of labor relationship. In the course of time fundamental economic changes had happened in the country. The traditional fleshy industry, a stronghold of labor unions, gradually becomes the thing of the past. According to Turner, if unions can not hold their own and adapt to changing circumstances in the core industrial work force, the traditional bastion of labor strength, it is difficult to imagine that national prospects for unions elsewhere can be promising1. Labor unions also have not been taken in the extremely developing industry of high technologies, and have not been widely current in the services sphere. So we can agree with the state ment of Robert Baldwin, who claims that one of the factors that contribute to weakling

Writer's choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Writers choice - Assignment ExampleIt plunder also be used to assess whether or not high-priority objectives in the strategical plan be being achieved. In some cases, especially large organizations that have complex processes and relationships, a strategic take stock can be employed in monitoring changes in the external environment and providing clues as to areas that study improvement. For some firms, a strategic audit is an instrument for fine-tuning effective corporate strategies with the intention that it continues supporting electric razor internal and external changes that can occur.Overall, a strategic audit is a vital and almost unreplaceable aspect of organizational strategy and success. If used correctly, it is a source of competitive advantage because it allows companies to understand their strategic orientation and measure it against its internal and external environment to provide a clear view of sure and future operations (Gong, 2013). Previous and current resea rch has shown that effective and efficient strategic audits are this instant proportional to organizations understanding of their markets and competitors. As an enterprise expands, strategic audit becomes increasingly important as it becomes more interconnected with performance and market

Art in America - Abstract Expressionism Research Paper

Art in the States - Abstract Expressionism - Research Paper ExampleThe paper Art in America - Abstract Expressionism investigates the key style of American style, abstract expressionism. The movement was unregistered but strong. Some of its members include Jackson pollock (19121956), Willem de Kooning (19041997), Franz Kline (19101962), Lee Krasner (19081984), Robert Motherwell (19151991), William Baziotes (19121963), Mark Rothko (19031970), Barnett Newman (19051970), Adolph Gottlieb (19031974), Richard Pousette-Dart (19161992), Clyfford Still (19041980). All these members were committed to the audacious formal inventions in searching for world-shattering substance. Their objective was to break away from normal subject matter and technical conventions. Their artistic works included head stoned scales works that were created to reflect their personal psyches. Doing this helped them to tap into worldwide inner sources. These artists attributed a percentage of importance to spontane ity and improvisation as process accorded the highest significance. Their works resisted stylistic classifications, but emphasised on dynamism and energetic gesture rather than reflective and cerebral focus on color. Abstracts acted primarily as their imageries. Highly abstracted modern art was favored by the group even when depicting images founded on visual realities. Abstract expressionism is not a specific style within abstract art, but an American group or artists rebelled and formed an independent group which would give them a favorable environment.

Overuse of Acronyms in Professional Writing Research Paper

overutilisation of Acronyms in Professional Writing - Research Paper Examplecronyms which may be seen in scientific literature include ACE for Angiostensin Coverting Enzyme, BUN for Blood Urea Nitrogen, and CAT for Computerized Axial Tomography. On the another(prenominal) hand, intialisms like ACTH for Adreno-CorticoTrophic Hormone, PTST for Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome, and RT-CR for Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction are also often used in the same matter. Acronyms are used in the highly technical world for the following(a) purposesHowever, acronyms may be overused in scientific writing to the point that the advantages are overshadowed by confusion (Ibrahim 27). This melodic theme will examine the extent by which acronyms are being used in the scientific field with recommendations to prevent the overuse of acronyms in scientific writingTwo studies were conducted to investigate the extent to which acronyms are overused in scientific literature one by researchers Hong Yu, George Hripcsack, and Carol Friedman at Columbia University, and another by Dr. Everett Shocket, from the University of conspiracy Florida and the Bay Pines VA Medical Center.Using a computer program they developed, Yu, Hripcsack, and Friedman mapped acronyms in scientific journals to their respective dour forms. Results revealed that only 25% of acronyms were defined in scientific articles. The remaining 75% of undefined acronyms were mapped to one of quaternary online acronym databases. The ingest found that the acronyms had different meanings in each database (Yu, Hripesack, and Friedman 262). An acronym which stands for various meanings in the same field of expertise is a clear indication of irresponsible use and overuse of acronyms even in scholarly works. Findings of the study suggest that concerns about the prevalence of the overuse of acronyms are founded. The fact that an automated intervention to help readers satisfy an acronym in a scientific journal to it s correct long form had not been very boffo implies the gravity of the problem on the overuse of

Nokia Company Product Marketing Plan Assignment

Nokia Company Product Marketing Plan - Assignment casingNokia Corporation is one of the major global producers of busy phones, serving consumers in more than 130 countries. Nokia is free into 4 business groups which include Mobile phones, Multimedia, Enterprise Solutions and Networks. The Nokia group, promotes wireless voice and data products in consumer and bodied grocery stores. The Nokia solution group manufactures wireless phone for use in the corporate sector. Wireless broadcast and exchange equipment is sold (Nokia, 2012).In the beginning of 1960, Nokia started to diversify in an effort to change the bon ton into Regional Corporation with cast up in interests outside Finnish borders. Being unable to begin effective internal ripening, the company false its focus into achievement. However, the local government realized to decrease two underperforming local industries which supported Nokias development within the country and encouraged its eventual merger with Finnish Ru bber Works, which was founded in 1898, and Finnish cable works, which was formed in 1912, to form Nokia Corporation.In 1967, Nokia started a division to demonstrate design and manufacturing abilities in data processing industrial computerization and communications remainss. The division was later expanded and made into some(prenominal) divisions, which then concentrated on developing information system, including personal computer and workplace, digital communication system and mobile phones. Nokias essential focus was development of the electronics sector.... Eco-friendly Mobile. This paper shows how Nokia can develop a selling plan by implementing their medieval strategies, which the company has already applied. Firstly, in this paper, it shows the brief background about the company and its existing products and also shows the companys past strategies i.e. how Nokia achieved its brand name and goodwill in past and rate of flow market situations. Next, it highlights the compan ys situation depth psychology and overall study of internal and outside(a) factors through different marketing tools. For examining the situation analysis of Nokias market PEST analysis, competitor and consumer analysis have been applied. In internal analysis, it depicts the companys current position in the market and the current data on brand performance of Nokia. This marketing plan also provides information of the companys basic goals and objectives and shows after launching the Eco-friendly product, within this 12 months campaign, what can be expected regarding the fulfillment of their goals and objectives. Then, in this paper, Nokias target market and customers of their eco-friendly product has been analyzed and this paper also provides a clear characterization regarding how the company segments their market for their eco-friendly product using four perspectives of segmentation. The marketing mix strategy of Nokias eco-friendly mobile using 4Ps has been provided. Certain eva luation and control methods have been provided which shows how the company can evaluate their market performance when they would launch their new eco-friendly product. An action plan is also provided which highlights the various elements of marketing plan through Gantt chart of 12 months campaign. 2 Table of Contents 3

Improve service operations in public service institution a 'X' Company Essay

Improve service operations in humans service institution a X association - Essay ExampleFocus was also given on feature management and important aras under this were discussed. Certain tools for forest management were also analysed. This was concluded by stressing the importance of quality in the super competitive business environment existing toady.Introduction Quality is something every consumer is conscious about. But it cannot be said about manufacturers or service producers. But in a highly competitive environment, maintaining quality has become the buzzword and is now something that cannot be ignored. The birth of total quality in the United States came as a direct response to the quality revolution in Japan following World warfare II. (Basic Concepts).The concept of quality in a public service organisation still has not caught up in the same level as found in closely owned ones, though this row is changing. Only recently has the quest for quality come to the fore in public enterprises. (Delaunay p.199).As you all in all know that this is a newly formed caller-up engaged in supplying nutrient to the children public school and have been directed to increase efficiency and decrease costs of the meal provided. This report is an analyses of the problems in quality management faced by the familiarity and the present situation after the implementation of the suggestions provided for profit Quality can be improved in three major categories namely quality measurement, quality diagnosis and quality improvement. It was in these areas that focus was given to improve the quality of the service provided by the company.The company has two main divisions, namely the food procurement division and the transport division for delivering food to the schools. The company is supplying food to five schools with a total strength of 2500 children. It also has supporting departments like accounting, payroll department and maintenance. The theodolite department is also make use of by the procurement department to purchase food items for the purpose of distribution to schools. There are about 5 trucks and 10 smaller delivery vans owned by the company. The maintenance department was created to cut down costs of repairs and maintenance by giving the vehicles to private workshops. Description of the current situation The company works under budget constraints and increasing costs in inputs without increasing budget allocation had forced us to take up quality management programs. moreover the companys procurement policies are not cost effective. Purchases like groceries, vegetables and meat are purchased as and when required from wholesalers and sometimes retailers without trying to identify the good quality merchandise at the cheapest price available. The main problem is that pull down though the exact quantity to be supplied each month was known, no steps were being interpreted to buy them in bulk on that pointby saving in prices. Also no atte mpts were being made to purchase fresh produce like meat and vegetables from farmers and other producers themselves an arbitrary purchasing policy has caused transportation costs to raise because of the higher number of trips made by the company vehicles. Even though there is a purchase manger and department no directives have been received by the company for an harmony with wholesalers to supply the required items on a contract basis. No clear cut policy, as to how purchases are to be made did not exist then. Both the above factors were the main reason why

The case study of Tui Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The of Tui - Case Study ExampleThe report reveals its marketing strategy and describes how and why TUI has to change its plans and strategy under different changing environments. The study also reveals a general picture of companys profile, history and achievements in wholly facets of tourism industry. The research is found on online data, excerpts from interviews and Companys annual reports from 2004 to 2008.Touristik Union International abbreviated as TUI is a German based company with headquarters in Hanover. By name Preussag AG, the company remained involved in transferral and industrial business for many years. During mid-1990s the company adopted growth corporate strategy and introduced itself as a tourism and shipping company. Preussag AG sold off many of its industrial assets to beneficially purchase some(prenominal) travel and transportation firms. The structure of the group Preussag was renamed to Hapag Touristik Union (HTU) which in the year 2000 was transformed into TUI Group.Today TUI is the largest and in the lead tourism and shipping organization of the world, operationally active mainly in Central, Northern and Western atomic number 63 while it also has networks across Europe. The inventory of TUI is decorated with hotels, restaurants, retail stores, container ships, travel agencies and airlines. TUI AG Airline, having 7 commonalty brand TUIfly airlines, is the largest holiday fleet in Europe. TUI is also the largest shipping company of the world.The company is strongly adhering to tag on with its position as worlds No. 1 tourism organization in all aspects along with a customer oriented vision. TUI as well as its affiliates like Thompson Travels, Portland Direct, Lunn Poly, and Skydeals are licensed as most trusted and professional organizations throughout the Europe. The company approximately consists ofAt present, TUI has 43.3% shares in Hapag-Lloyd AG. During the fiscal year 2008, TUIs had revenue about 759 million. On 31 December, 2 008 the company and had 70,200

Affirmative Action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Affirmative Action - prove ExampleThis multipurpose term is used for the set of programs developed by government in order to eliminate the discrimination based on race and gender. The affirmative action programs provide opportunities in study and employment. This facilitates the opportunities that can help beneficiary group to improve its skill, opportunities and uplift the social status. There are unlike studies that have covered the controversies around the affirmative action within the American society and politics. This has been viewed a politically motivated activity to increase or maintain the vote banks. The controversy is also linked with the tangibleness factors of the affirmative action. This is termed as reverse discrimination or preferential treatment by Mangum. Berry (2004) has study the expansion of the affirmative action programs to the private sector by providing educational, training and employment opportunity to the defend groups with increase their recruitmen t in the organization. There have been various studies and debates over the controversies around affirmative action.

Unemployment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Un vocation - Essay ExampleBut these individuals argon not able to develop employment at the legal minimum rate of pay due to insufficient economic opportunities inwardly their local anaestheticity or their skill set. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics lists individuals as unemployed if they are without a profession, have been actively desire work with in the past four weeks and are available for employment. In terms of defining when a person qualifies as actively looking for work there are a number of behaviors that depict those presently desire labor attempting to contact employment agencies, or an employee or directly for the purpose of seeking ancestry interviews. Other methods include attending career centers at local universities, or simply querying friends and acquaintances with respect to obtaining employment. Other activities that define an active job seeker would include dissemination of physical resumes or online applications when available, or network ing with local labor unions and other professional organizations, or actively seeking and answering advertisements relating to employment (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2009) the involuntarily unemployed are those who are actively seeking opportunities. There are passive measures of searching for employment that do not qualify the individual as being a person actively seeking work. Simply reading advertisements or taking rearing courses are career related, but are not active. Before any given a job interview, the active job seeker must have been engaged in one active job search within the four preceding weeks while available for employment. These categories are signifi raftt with respect to the government assistance with the intent of correcting voluntary unemployment. Categories and behaviors must be identified, and quantified in order to generate effective measures for mount or addressing those who are seeking work but unable to find it. Many government canvasss are also aware of the complexities of measuring unemployment where subsistence farming exists, and questions to determine employment status attempt to specifically identify those engaging in private, family businesses or farming related activities. The temporal designation of four weeks is necessary, because for planning and funding purposes it is more efficient for government agencies to deal with quantifiable numerical values by which they can fate categories (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2009). Failure to get work can be voluntary, but the only heading indicator of economic viability in this field would be involuntary unemployment. This has implications for government and economists alike, because the rate at which involuntary unemployment occurs is indicative of larger trends or weaknesses within society. VARIATIONS OF EMPLOYMENT Yet there are still deviations from employment in the standard labor markets owned by corporatized private sector entities. In some countries, it can be d ifficult to measure the true rates of unemployment where large-scale subsistence farming occurs, for instance. Individuals outside the model of perpetual wage employment as common in the industrialized world also create complications for survey analysts. In addition to subsistence farming, there are others who work for occasional wages on an as ask basis temporarily, and some countries may have significant cottage industries that may or may

Business proposal - Call center Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business - Call center - Research Proposal ExampleThis would provide me an insight as to what are the critical factors which have greater impact on the performance as well of the confederation in local as well as regional market besides studying the opposite threat and opportunities available to the square to better manage its external environment including competition. This analysis will too provide me an opportunity to understand and analyze the strategies which can be used by the firm to progress the necessary competitive advantage in the markets where it works.3. The major weaknesses of this research may include the lack of truth of the data. Since the data may not be directly linked to the exact environment within which the firm works therefore I would be sifting through a lot of data to demote out the correct information to present it in presentable format. However, I believe it would have baby influence over my research as this research would involve an analysis of the strategic management theories and tools.

Critical Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Critical evaluation - Essay ExampleMcCullin, Don, Don McCullin in Syria, December 2012 Don McCullin, internationally known British photojournalist, is majorly known and known for his war photography and post-war coverage especially for his visit to Syria at the age of 77. His work features 134 exceptionally taken photographs that cover worlds close dangerous and conflicted images. For the first time, the work of a British photojournalist is being exhibited in the National Gallery of Canada (NGC) till April 14, 2013. Major newspapers and magazines including The Sunday Times, The Daily Telegraph and The Observer have in addition printed his works. McCullin has always depicted the unemployed, the impoverished and the downtrodden. NGC director and CEO Marc Mayer reported to have said, McCullins photographs belong in an device gallery because they consistently bring clarity and compositional grace to their compelling subject matter. These pictures are twain hard to look at and hard not to (Mallet, 2013). However, his recent encounter of Syria has not been displayed in the gallery, as Sobey Curatorial Assistant Katherine Stauble writes, Likely (these images) were not meant to hang on a gallery wall, but alternatively, to choke information, to reveal truths and to mobilize action. Now that McCullin has escaped the battlefield and for the past twenty years has been focusing his lens system on landscape and still life, one might expect the artist moniker to sit much comfortably with him (as cited in Mallet, 2013). The following attached files are few of pictures of his last war with Anthony Loyd grade 1 Anthony Loydand Don McCullinAtmeh, on the Syria-Turkey border. According to McCullin, Photography for me is not looking, its feeling. If you cant feel what youre looking at, then youre never going to get others to feel anything when they look at your pictures (Mallet, 2013). This is what has been the most predominant feature of McCullins photography as shown i n Figure. 1. There has been embedded in his pictures the feelings of good deal rather than focusing on the other artistic values (figure 1). He, through his images, has tried to get the sympathetic feelings for the moved(p) people. By capturing a childs picture, he is making use of emotions and feelings of people to get attention. As Susan Sontag writes in her book, Regarding the fuss of Others (2003), that sufferings and emotions sell more than any other factors (Sontag, 2003). Figure 2 Don McCullin for The Times. The most effective and presumable advantage of McCullins work (as shown in Figure. 2) would be his unbiased reporting. He not only showed images of the public end and their sorrows, but he also showed the sorrows of the free Syrian army (Figure 2). Im just a carrier pigeon that brings the meat back home (Archer, 2013), says McCullin. Thus, effectively, his images do not downplay the role of one opposing army to some other nor do they cast blame on any side. His ima ges can never prove to be the barriers against peace-making betwixt the conflicted armies (Greenslade, 2013). The images represent war in a way that they do not exploit people nor do they express problematic ideas that would exacerbate the situation and/or the relationship between photographer and his subject (figure 2). Figure 3 McCullin in Syria McCullins photography explicitly points out at the major weakness of his images which was the portrayal of sufferings of the evicted people as shown in

Should insurance companies which cover the cost of Viagra Research Paper

Should indemnification companies which cover the terms of Viagra prescriptions also be required to cover stock control and fixedness exam - Research Paper ExampleDue to this event, women felt that the insurance companies thought of them as wanting(p) beings and this led to the protest created by women for reportage of stick out control devices. Women believe that they have a refine to trim fork out control and they have been fighting in its favor for several years, on the otherwise hand the insurance companies have countered the proposal of insuring birth control segment because they believe this leave alone bring forward increase the premiums that individuals have to pay for a wellness plan. During 2002, New York successfully became the 20th state of US who do it legally obligatory for insurance companies and employers to provide coverage for contraceptive for women (Hammaker 98). Due to this 50% of women started having assenting to some sort of free coverage for birth control and contraceptives. During the year 2003, similar kinds of legal adjustments were make to the constitution by the states of Arizona and Massachusetts. During 2012, President Obama made an announcement that the health insurance coverage providers will be legally responsible to cover for womens contraceptives without taking any charges from them. Before this announcement was made 28 states had already added this kind of rule to their constitution. There be several reasons that support of free coverage of birth control and contraceptives for women, these includes Body The mandate for free contraceptive coverage for women have been circulating finishedout the senate for several years, in 2002 the subcommittee of congress took up this mandate in the senate. Gloria Feldt states that its high time since the idea of free coverage have been debated and its time to implement the idea and she believes that health insurance coverage providers argon tolerant better deals to the male gender than the female gender (Feldt 132). According to research that when women reach their age in which they become eligible to give birth, they spend more money on contraceptives and birth control through their own money as compared to men. Females of US protest that the pill required for birth control is sooner expensive as it can only be obtained through prescription and due to the high cost of the pill several females fail to obtain it at the desired time period. The estimated cost of the pill for birth control and a visit to the physician leads to an expenditure of $30 on monthly basis (Feldt 132). Those who are protesting in favor of free coverage of birth control state that they can not imagine out a single reason due to which employers and the insurance companies are not covering birth control and contraceptives as birth control have several benefits for them. Activists take support through a study that states that when $1 is spend on birth control and issues such as fami ly planning, a bring of $4 to $14 is saved by the public which they would have spend in pregnancy and birth control related procedures (Feldt 132). Sex is a bump and partial of life, individuals who stop getting in the cause just due to the high cost of birth control end up suffering from health diseases and they even experience emotional issues and stress. If coverage for contraceptives and birth control is provided, individuals would freely continue to take part in healthy sex and keep themselves away from other health issues. Population control is a major issue that can be countered with the assistance of such initiatives. Insurance companies counter the arguments of the female activists that they are wrong in

Cameras in Court Rooms Distort the Trial Process Essay

Cameras in Court Rooms Distort the Trial Process - judge ExampleIn UK, citizens do not only watch parliament proceedings but as well coquet proceedings without having to attend in person. On the other hand, they also watch debates in the signboard of Lords and House of Commons on terrestrial television. In UK, trials of well-published ar often televised as either intelligence agency reports or separate documentaries (Brill, 1996, p.51). A channel that only airs criminal justice systems footage, Court TV, is normally made available in the court rooms to inform the citizens of proceedings of a certain case. O.J. Simpsons murder trial was fully filmed and watched by millions of audience. This made the lawyers and judges that were knotty in this case become international celebrities. Another famous case trial that was filmed and watched by all citizens was that of Louise Woodward a case of murder committed in the United States (Mason, 2000, p. 26). Pictures of her appearance in th e lawcourt were transmitted in Britain. That resulted into immense public reaction. A campaign by the national media raised plenty money to pay for her sub sequential appeal and defense costs. The televised emotive pictures made the public to empathize with her, hence the assistance. Interesting issues concerning discrimination, individual liberties and constitutional rights are raised in this topic. Other international trials begin also embraced the signifi corporationce of audio visual technology (Mason, 2000, p. 26). International criminal tribunals that were concerned with former Yugoslav dissolution and Rwandan atrocities were also televised, thus gaining mixed reactions from the public. Arguments Supporting Camera Use in the Court television set as Educator Learning the Law A democratic society allows its citizens to access court proceedings. Anyone has a right to sit in the public gallery, watch the whole or part of the trial, or appeal. In UK, citizens are often free to attend even then House of Lords, similar to the sort citizens are free to watch the proceedings of the Supreme Court in the United States. Therefore, there is no constitutional barrier that bars court trials from being televised. However, it is difficult for non-lawyers to understand court events. Television insurance coverage normally include commentaries that make it easier for citizens to understand thus making the watching of a trial an educational experience that is even more profitable. In the OJ Simpsons case, camera men were frequently cautioned against taking shots of the messenger. This case has since created a knee-jerk sort of reaction. However, watching all court proceedings is limited during the week as people are busy in their work places. Attending court proceedings in person is every valuable while public gallery is limited in space. People have to arrive very early on in courts to attend well-publicized trials in order to secure a seat. Citizens should not enj oy their democratic rights by making such sacrifices of money and time. On the other hand, court proceedings should be televised just care parliament proceedings. This is because laws are usually made in parliament and the role of court is only developing them. Precedent doctrine is normally applied in countries that use common law. Therefore, outcome of subsequent cases can be determined by earlier reasoning. Consequently, court decisions could equally impact on peoples lives just like just like parliament decisions. It is the right of all citizens to know these decisions. Moreover, even though all cases do

Raw Food Diet report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Raw Food Diet report - look Paper ExampleThe benefits of sensible foods can be seen and felt in society today as these dietary changes continue to evolve enabling individuals to escape the fast lifestyle that was and is still developing in many parts of the world.The natural enzymes that are found in these raw foods often combat diseases that have got their way into the body, and at the same time, work on improving digestion. Minerals, vitamins, and fiber are the main elements in these foods and are essential in boosting the immune systems functions. Due to the lack of high sodium, fat, or calorie content in these natural foods, assumptions are made that they assist individuals in reducing weight. take in fruits and vegetables may assist in keeping blood pressure and cholesterol at bay (Ungar, 2007). This is if this principle is complimented by low fat and salt consumption. As this diet assists in controlling body weight, it is faux that it may also assist in controlling or reg ulating diabetes.There are nigh limitations to following a diet that simply revolves around raw foods. Protein, an essential element in the discipline of an individual, may present a challenge for some the raw foods present. Seeds and nuts can provide these protein needs, entirely they need to be consumed in rather large quantities in order to fulfill the dietary requirements. In order to acquire certain vitamins found only in animals, for example vitamin B12, individuals on a raw food diet may be required to use supplements to satisfy this dietary requirement. Calories may be seen as a detrimental aspect in countless diets, but it is essential in the tender-hearted body. Raw food diets and their low calorie content require that individuals consume a lot in order to satisfy this requirement in their diet (Ungar, 2007).Raw food diets may run into the prune of poisoning, especially if there is the issue of being undercooked. Individuals who eat meat may want to pay reason out at tention to this problem as it

Can You Motivate The Unmotivated A case study of male university

Can You propel The Unmotivated A of male university students in Saudi-Arabian Arabia - Case Study ExampleStudents in Saudi Arabia are faced with a lot of problems studying in a language other than their low language (L1). This phenomenon has introduced the rule of No Arabic Speaking in the Saudi Arabia where students are prohibited from the recitation of L1 in everyday classroom activities, as the teachers and proponents of this rule believe that the active use of L1 may overcome the proper and quick learn of L2. This leads to poor demand in those students and difficulties in learning and acquiring the spot language in its true spirit. So the question tends to be whether the restricted use of L1 assists in or inhibits the proper acquisition and learning of the second language, in short if it is an asset or a liability. This report card sheds some light on the motivation theories and their application with respect to the problem in discussion, and tries to review the monolingu al practices in order to help such students in developing positive attitudes towards the target language, so that they stooge be highly motivated to acquire L2 in its true meaning thereby enabling them to ad rightful(prenominal) a firm foundation for speaking and writing in L2. In order to assess the be intimate under consideration, we will first look at the recent research works and studies about L2 motivation as a second language (in a foreign environment) or foreign language (in a native English-speaking country). For the analysis of the problem I have selected a few articles, journals, and other connect literary documents to accumulate know guidege and to establish well-grounded theoretical context and conceptual framework for the paper. So this paper can also serve as a comprehensive summary of the relevant studies which comprise, for warning Clement & Gardner, 2001... Hence, instead of restating what has already been very well described in the articles and journals selec ted for the anthology, I have tried to evaluate the answers to the question under study from various standpoints, highlighting their importance and trying to establish the connections with other approaches to the problem. In trying to understand the acquisition of L2 as a language we need to see it not just as a radical, but as a deeply social and cultural event and thats what makes language learning different from other academic subjects. The elements of language learning as a subject include the understanding of lexical terms, vocabulary and grammatical rules whereas it is also socially bound requiring the language prentice to integrate several elements of the culture of the second language (Gardner, 1979 and Williams, 1994). L2 motivation researchers have widely supported this approach, which has led to the inclusion of social and cultural dimension in the language learning and studies. This has also introduced the concepts of multiculturalism, language globalization, busines s leader relations between different cultures and social groups in the study of L2 motivation. This, in fact, also explains why it was the social psychologists who first initiated the researches into L2 motivation. The first comprehensive study of L2 motivated was initiated by Robert Gardner and Wallace Lambert in 1972. They viewed language learning as a means of reconciling differences between different cultures and social groups. According to them, for intercultural communication and intimacy to take place, motivation to learn the language of others is the primary driving

Critical Exploration by Using Gibbs Model Essay - 1

Critical Exploration by Using Gibbs baby-sit - Essay ExampleA 2nd-year student is practicing as a have got at a hospital. The fille is very sweet, caring and loving towards her patients. She is always up to help new(prenominal) staff members with a smile. However, she has nettle in being able to prioritize and co-ordinate the attention needs of patients that we both have duties for. She besides seems to lack confidence in her nursing skills and has teething troubles in linking theory to practice.The result of the study reveals that the young woman needs to understand what she wants to light upon. In this case, it is very obvious what she wants to arrive at but she is not sure how to achieve it. The consequences of not prioritizing her duties make her more frustrated and annoyed and at the end of the day, nothing has achieved the way she wants to achieve it. It is also expected that some of the patients end up saying that want a different nurse to take care of them. As freque ntly does not complete the instructions urinaten to her by these other staff and leaves the care given to patients unfinished. At the second stage of the Gibbs model, it can be said that the lady friend needs this practice because she wants to end up at some great hospital but if she continues to give such results that are poor practices, poorly set priorities it is giving out a bad cypher of her and the further recommendation for her are at stake. The student for sure feels the responsibility she has but as an amateur, she is purpose difficulties in some areas and usually panics. She needs soulfulness to guide her for at least a week so that she improves her practice and give satisfying results. However, the good part is the girl is willing to help. She wants to be someone and never refuses to work. In short, the girl has proved to be a very hard working sacred worker but needs to manage things a little more. Most nursing students will get hold of the expertise criterions th ey need to catalog but tutors may be faced with an apprentice whosepresentation is scrawny.

Strategic Management Unit 3 IP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Management unit of measurement 3 IP - Research Paper ExampleFirst, such firms benefit from gaining market share and provided positioning themselves in best locations. This could affect the guess in that higher market share could driving force an increase in cost of operation thus diluting the associated high returns. Secondly, branch movers gain new friendship relevant for success in their fields (Li, Lam, Karakowsky & Qian, 2003). Changes in the knowledge could cause the basic mover to discover ways to fast learn the emerging knowledge. Being the first, such firms also secure resources and commitments for their provision (Eggers, Grajek & Kretschmer, 2011). This impacts the theory in the context where there is limited information on the resources available. Finally, they bedevil the advantage of establishing and securing long-term relationships with investors, suppliers, customers and distributors, an central concept for firms seeking to develop long lasting busi ness entities.However, Hill, Jones and Schilling (2013) observe that first movers sire cost disadvantage as they have to establish most of the infrastructure from scratch. This affects the theory in that brass section that requires high set-up capital shy away from pioneering markets, products or services. There is a high uncertainty associated with first movers. This would particularly impact on the theory if the entity is not familiar with the regulations, needs and culture of the target geographical regions. Thirdly, first movers face the risk of adopting a losing strategy that would make them fail and leave opportunities for late entrants who would have learnt from their mistakes (David, 2013). This would be the case if the first mover would not be able to make predictions on their investments. Finally, first movers could invest in obsolete or inferior technology, making this theory particularly unappealing to entities in businesses where technology advances

Innovation and Design Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Innovation and Design Management - Case Study ExampleRequired Capabilities for external baseDeveloping a decentralized model for costing similar to a in-country model. Access quintuple markets by developing a strong public relations and customer connect campaigns through good training and promotional strategy.Comply with requirements pertaining to sales, quality assurance and marketing in an transnational scenario to attract larger customer base.Proactive plan for conducting press tours in multiple languages, seminars on the specific intersection features of Lazy-Dizzy tooth lave by effective product presentations and training sessions Conduct continuous tests to ensure the quality of the product and hold distribution channels for easy availability of the product.Key ResourcesContent developers for promotional campaign in international languages.Distributors and franchisees for effective salesProduct experts for effective manufacturing of the Lazy-dizzy tooth clash.Recruitmen t professionals and advertisers for staffing and marketing.Competent Sales force and business organic evolution professionalsEffective Communication experts using latest technologies Voice of the customer as feedbackKey obstaclesCompetition collectable to the changing customer preferences on tooth brush design, the competitor toothbrush companies are especially eager to govern promising innovative designs onto store shelves as quickly as possible.Competitors offer tooth brush at minimal price to attract customer base with a less profit margin.International Product LaunchThe major challenge in an international product launch is to ensure that the performance of current product is rated as an accurate product.Another challenge is to provide... It is observed that there has been a drastic increase in the usage of power operated toothbrushes as the customers prefer to swift from traditional tooth brush which is operated manually. This justifies that there is scope of attractive(a) a nd developing market for the innovative design of Lazy -Dizzy tooth brush.Lazy-Dizzy toothbrush designs allows for an option that sets the power of the brushing act of the brush to either a high or low level. In most cases the effectiveness of the brush will be greatest when it is set to its higher setting.

President Barack Obama Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

President Barack Obama - Research Paper Examplethither is the United States of America. His inspiring keynote speech appealed to all Americans who longed for politics with a honey oil goal. Throughout his 2008 presidential footrace, Obama remained true to this premise, promising to ease the partisan divide in Washington D.C. However, he severely miscalculated the profound division between the semipolitical parties, misunderstood the reasons for the division, and assumed, erroneously, that his persuasive powers and political mandate would be enough to overcome it. The genesis of future difficulties began during his campaign. Obamas overly optimistic inwardness raised expectations so high for that those who voted for him were destined for disappointment. The enthusiasm his campaign generated proved to be both beneficial and detrimental. While his message rallied many voters, especially unprecedented numbers of young persons and minorities encouraging them to anticipate change of a reanimate and scope that the political system seldom allows. Following the inauguration the customary checks and balances of Washington were realized along with unexpected and extraordinary opposition of the minority party became apparent the feeling of hope present during the campaign turned into uncertainty and then disillusion.The Democratic Party made tremendous gains in the election of 2008. Barack Obama queer Republican John McCain in the presidential race by an overwhelming margin. Democrats also increased their majorities in both the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. Obamas won the national popular vote by margin of close to ten million. He has won by the largest margin for a non-incumbent candidate for president since Eisenhower in 1952. (Fernando, 2011) Essentially, the election result was a mass rejection of George W. Bush administration policies along with the Republican Partys political platform and effectively ended almost three decades of rule by the right -wing ideology. The

Analysis of Coronary Artery Disease Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Analysis of Coronary Artery Disease - Assignment specimenTherefore, any disorder or malfunctioning in the coronary arteries may lead toa in force(p) cut off in the flow of oxygen and minerals to the heart leading to an imbalance between hand over and demand ofoxygen, which is life-threatening becausethe heartisthepump of blood circulation, which supply oxygen to all organs. Atherosclerosis is the tribal chief causes ofcoronary artery diseases ( firedog) which cause changes in structure as well functionality of blood vessels.It is the process in which, progressive dumping of cholesterol and separate fatty materials across the arterial wall occurs. These dumping results in a contraction of the lumen i.e stenosis, which restricts blood flow. Further, spasm, birth defect, lupus, arthritis, blood clogging are few other causes apart from atherosclerosis. Ten years ago, CAD is thought to be a disorder of men. Generally, CAD occurs a decade earlier in men than women,up to the time of men opause, because a high level of oestrogenprotects women from CAD. Anyhow, after menopause, it happens more frequently in women in comparability to men. It is noticed that ratio of women crucifixion from CAD is higher than men in the age group of or beyond 75. CAD is assumed to be the leadinglifer taker in developed countries. Studies imply about 5-9% of people aged 20+ are suffering from CAD. The remainder rate rises with age, and it is more common in males in comparison to females,but thedeath order for men decrease sharply after the age of 55 and finally after aged 75. The death rate of women is higher than men, who are of the same age.It is estimated that +16 million Americans are suffering from CAD and 8 million of them had a myocardial infarction (increased 1 Million per annum). Framingham trial predicts approximately 50% & 30% of males and females respectively in the age 40+ population are suffering through CAD (Helen H, and Munther K).

SATS Air Cargo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

SATS production line Cargo - Essay ExampleCorrespondingly, the organizational operations of SATS have also seen changes over the old age owe to the changing nature of its customers. With the increasing number of customers in the cargo sector of the flight path market, SATS initiated the SIA Superhub 2 also known as the Airfreight Terminal 6 in the year 2001 with an investment of around $270 million. This approach of the social club accompanied it with the ability to handle 800,000 tonnes of cargo per year, which was also accounted among the biggest capacities during that time. Furthermore, the customers in the cargo handling sector of the airline industry have also become more attracted towards online web based operations in tendency of time. Contextually, SATS introduced the web-based cargo tracking services in the year 2003 in order to meet the changing expectations of the customers (SATS 20111). increase Competition With the augmented number of operations of various companie s in the cargo sector of the airline industry, the ambition has become more intense. ... This step of the company ensured the loyalty of the customers with the company for a longer end of time. Moreover, in similar regard, it has also introduced a new brand promise to the customers, which further states as One with you (SATS 20111). Furthermore, since thither are various numbers of companies offering similar kind of products to the customers, only effective or in advance(p) services would ensure enhanced operational services for any company including SATS. To comply with this aspect, the company has been unendingly changing its service offering patterns to the customers so that their valuable association with the company continues for a longer period of time (SATS 20111). Part 2- SATS Air Cargo Competition SATS DHL Singapore Airlines Market Share .0019% 11.49% .0.02% Share expense as of Submission .31% (2013) Singapore transmute 1.03 % (2013) (Singapore Exchange n.d.) .48% (20 13) (Singapore Exchange n.d.) Stock Turnover 27.70 (2013) (Singapore Exchange n.d.) 23.56 (2013) (Singapore Exchange n.d.) 35.50 (2013) (Singapore Exchange n.d.) Revenue 2008- S$1,062,094 2009- S$ 1,538,906 2010- S$ 1,729,131 2011- S$ 1,685,413 2012- S$ 1,818,992 (SATS 20112) 2008- S$ 7,474,908,000 2009- S$ 6,175,362,000 2010- S$ 7,525,278,000 2011- S$ 8,223,343,128 2012- S$ 8,405,745,600 (Deutsche Post AG 2013) 2008- S$ 186,245 2009- S$ 181,752 2010- S$ 145,834 2011- S$ 159,980 2012- S$ 169,157 (Singapore Airlines 2012) Resources wad The chairman of the Edmund Cheng Wai Wing was appointed in the year 2012. Apart from him, there are also whatever other crucial members altogether forming the management team of the organization. Brand Position With more than 60 years of operations in the airline industry, the company has acquired the reputation to be called as one of

Global Strategy and Local Needs in the Luxury Car Market Essay Example for Free

b each-shaped Strategy and Local Needs in the Luxury Car Market Essay1 macrocosm Since the 1980s seekers restrain been trying to understand what sphericization is and how matched advantage can be gained let out of it. This study provide see to it at this movement with a critical eye and reflect whether or not it is some(a) measure better to give local anaesthetic needs priority in management decisions. The solve of this study is to analyse whether the foreign outline, but local needs assumption leads to triumph. The objective is to provide scientific evidence for this strategy, analyse different formations strategies and provide a possible recommendation for the best practice. sphericalization is a submitr of heights life 1 but it is not the best solution to apply this get on in all strategicalal decisions. This paper will not only look at this strategic approach in prevalent, but will try to focus in specific on the sumptuousness railway car market. The luxury segment is a fascinating subject for scientific research, beca substance abexercising it take over provides possibilities for relatively fundamental research within its niche. 2 Although on that point is considerable literature about specific fall guys, there is a leave out of systematic and scholarly work that analyses the luxury car phenomenon itself. 3 The importance of this segment has too been accentuate in Sergio Marchionnes recent speech to the sh atomic number 18holders (appendix 7. 2). The CEO of the monastic order S. p. a and of the Chrysler assort LLC underlined that his strategy for the afterlife of the group is located in the premium4 car deed. 5 The motivation of this paper therefore is to analyse the scrap Maserati will go for to address and to arrive to some practicable conclusions. 1 cf Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 12. 2 cf Heine 2012, p. 6. 3 cf Berger 2001, p. 160. 4.Expression intentionally quoted to illustrate a later explained statement 5 c f. rewrite S. p. a. 2012b. Definition and terminology 1. 1 2 Methodology The findings of this project ar derived from primary, secondary and tertiary sources of information. The tertiary source was mainly the catalogue of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek in Frankfurt. Another big leave-taking of the data solicitation contributed the Internet. Most data has been found with the search railway locomotive google. com and scholar. google. com and the homepages of the relative dirts menti singled in the project.The biggest part of the projects information was taken out of secondary sources such as textbooks, impertinentlyspapers and specific literature. Finally, the annual reports of 2011 of selected brands have been consulted. 2 Definition and terminology 2. 1 Strategy Strategy in corporate practice is an integrated image with the objective of ensuring long-term survival in active interaction with the competition 6 In identical a shots ein truthday changing business environmen t all companies are forced to reassess their strategies, their structures and their processes regularly. just straightway the answers to every strategic and ecesisal challenge is varying among industries. 7 because first a abridgment of different general strategic alternatives will be presented. Afterwards a detailed analysis of the diagnostic strategy in the luxury car market will be captureed. 2. 2 Global or Local Strategy In this chapter both hurt ball-shaped and local strategy should be defined. tho the strategic challenge of a business to decide between both strategies should be analysed. 6 cf Kotler/Berger/Bickhoff 2010, p. 12. 7 cf bartlett pear/ Ghoshal 1990, p.17. Definition and terminology 3 Businesses have been inter discipline since ancient fourth dimensions and at its beginnings international business had simply the form of exporting and importing. Any business that carries out some of its activities across national boundaries can be defined as an internati onal business. 8 In the 70s and 80s keywords as standardization, rationalization and centralization marked the new tendency towards globalization. 9 Globalization is a term that emerged in the 1980s/90s10 and that has depart a buzzword in the 1990s.11 Originally globalization was only an economical phenomenon that described the integration and merger of national economies, and the development of communication and yield of knowledge, transportation and migration. 12 instantly the extent to which the organic laws activities are spread across geographical regions has become a study consideration in the implementation of an disposals strategy. 13 A global strategy is the tendency of a come with to a consistent strategy and adaptation to local circumstances become redundant. Global organizations gain hawkish advantage overcoming national and continental boundaries.Therefore it was a widely held belief that there was the risk that the globalization would overrun all regional and national differences. 14 Though today we have evidence that there is no global village and that regional and national differences cannot be so easily neglected. On the turnaround the majority of the apparently global organizations use local differences to gain competitive advantage. 15 Therefore legion(predicate) literature and research on the counter-rotating trend to globalization, the so-called localization, can be found. Localization in general means the adaptation to or consideration of local market conditions.Most of the research concluded that the dickens apparently contrary concepts do not mutually exclude but depend on cardinal another Globalization can mean the reinforcement of 8 cf. Campbell/St unmatchedhouse/Houston 2002, p. 255. 9 cf bartlett pear/Ghoshal 1990, p. 36. 10 cf Lohmeier 2008, p. 9. 11 cf. Rohm 2010, p. 4. 12 cf Lohmeier 2008, p. 9. 13 Cf. Campbell/St championhouse/Houston 2002, p. 254. 14 Cf. Lohmeier 2008, p. 10 15 Cf. Lohmeier 2008, p. 58. 4 Defini tion and terminology or go together with sectionalism as in Think globally, act locally 16 . Numerous literatures even deduce a new concept called Glocalization. Glocal strategies are strategies that provide evidence to global and local players, to resolve advantageous and meaningful to globalization. They should assist global players to localize their activities where worth slice and show ways and means to local players to make use of the global area respectively in both cases without abandoning their global or local character. 17 2. 3 Bartletts and Ghoshals present According to Bartlett and Ghoshal there are three conventional strategic gradeions a social club can follow. Tab. 1 The three strategic directions 18 Multinational Global InternationalStrong local presence Cost reduction by dint of Usage of knowledge and through respect of national change but world(a) competences of the HQ needs oriented activities through world-wide diffusion and adaptation 2. 4 The multina tional organization The multinational organization according to Bartlett and Ghoshal is the sample of the organization. At the beginning of the 1900th century this was the or so diffused organizational model. As shown in figure 1 in the multinational organizational model the HQ is at the centre with many decentralized, interdependent and sovereign branches surrounding it.The specific needs of the local markets are encouraged and therefore they are able to respond to local needs. Historically this organizational model was the one of many European companies that expanded into foreign countries. several(prenominal) of these companies originally where family owned companies. Processes were based on personal relationship and 16 Cf. Pieterse 1995, p. 49 zitiert nach Lohmeier 2008,p. 53. 17 Cf. Lohmeier 2008, p. 64. 18 Cf. Bartlett/ Ghoshal 1990, p. 32. 5 Definition and terminology in musket ball contacts alternatively than formal structures and systems.Therefore only elementary financ ial control was necessary. 19 emergence Decentralized federation umteen key assets, responsibilities and decisions are decentralized severalize arm HQ Branch Personal control unceremonious HQ subsidiary relationship, simple financial control Branch Multinational mentality Management considers afield operations as portfolio of interdependant business. Branch go for 1 Multinational organization 20 2. 4. 1 The international organization This organizational model has similarities to the multinational organization.However as shown in figure 2 the branches are more than dependent on the permute of information and knowledge from the HQ. The objective of this kind of organization is to transfer knowledge and competences in aspects such as technology or merchandising to under unquestionable foreign branches. The national branches can adapt products or strategies, while the HQ determines innovation and processes. In comparison to the multinational organization model there is more sy stematization and control. According to Bartlett and Ghoshal the international organization model had its discovery in the post-war period.The international organizational model is the model for the typical American Management culture of authorisation and delegation. 19 Cf. Bartlett/Ghosal 1990, p. 73. 20 Cf. Bartlett/Ghosal 1990, p. 74. 6 Definition and terminology Branch Branch Coordinated federation Many assets, resources, responsibilities and decisions are decentralized but controlled by HQ Branch Branch HQ International mentality Management considers overseas operations as appendix to a central domestic corporation Branch Administrative control formal management planningand control systems vacate higher HQ-subsidiary linkage.Branch Figure 2 International organization 21 2. 4. 2 The global organization Global companies develop their products and strategies considering only one equal general market. Product development, turnout and marketing strategies stick centralized. 22 As shown in figure 3 the most important characteristics of the classical global organization have HQs that are a centralized hub that severely controls the branches and a management-mentality that views the world as one economic entity. The main feature is the centralization of assets, resources and competences.The function of branches is reduced to sales and services. In some cases financial competitive advantage is gained outsourcing the production sites abroad. Compared to the multinational and international organizations the branches in global organizations have less power to develop or modify new products and strategies. Managers in global organization, especially those located in HQ, often are more concentrated on the global market and consider the market to be equal worldwide. They have no comprehension of the local needs because there is no exchange of information between HQ and the national branches.23 21 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p 77. 22 Cf. Bartlett/Ghosal 1990, p. 31. 23 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 75 f. 7 Definition and terminology Internationalization pioneers like Henry hybridization build up their production plant according to this model and the Japanese started their offensive in the 70s and 80s with this model. 24 Normally global organizations first where very prospered in their home market and used this success consequently to expand internationally. 25 Branch Branch Centralized hub Most of the strategic assets, resources, responsibilities and decisions centralized Branch HQ.Branch Operational control Tight control of decisions, resources and information through HQ Branch Global mentality Management considers overseas operations as channels for the supply to a unified global market Branch Figure 3 Global organization 26 2. 4. 3 The international strategy Bartlett and Ghoshal claim that the conventional directions do note lead to adequate results anymore. Global and international organizations look out for a centralized answer to a worldwide market opportunity. Multinational companies search local solutions.Therefore Bartlett and Ghoshal developed the assumption for a new approach to solve the challenge of increase competitive and changing environment The transnational strategy. 27 Companies nowadays can only survive in the competitive environment if they succeed in developing simultaneously worldwide competitiveness, multinational 24 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 75. 25 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 31. 26 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 77. 27 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 33 and p. 90. Definition and terminology 8 flexibility and global learning capabilities. These are the main elements of the transnational model. 28.The transnational model is a symbiosis or rather compromise of the other three traditional strategic directions. It combines both kind of competitive advantages Because the affiliations are seen as strategic partners they can better respond to local needs and global synergies can be positive side effects. In the transnational model local markets are respected, and the proximity to the market is mainly an instrument to react more flexibly on a global scale. 29 The distinction between multinational and transnational companies is the amount to which the HQs are at one time involved in the management of the branches.While a transnational company often has a strategic centre that manages to a high pointedness all the global operations a multinational company does not coordinate directly its foreign activities but rather considers the branches as interdependent business. The transnational organization acknowledges that there are certain resources and competences such as finance or research and development that are better centralized in the HQ while other resources are more advantageous to be decentralized in the markets to spread the competences on a global level. 30 2. 5 The Luxury fancy and Definition.The concept of luxury is known since ancient times. Lucullus, a roman sena tor who was famous in the ancient capital of Italy for his marvellous evening events and his love for beauty, delicacies and sensorial pleasures, can be considered inventor of the luxury concept. 31 cavalier and Mazzalovo provide a definition as follows A luxury brand is selective and easy lay and provides an supererogatory creative and emotional value for the consumer. It is a brand that is giving the desirable attribute of being scarce, forward-looking and in good taste. It also has a slightly understated and aristocratic attribute.32 28 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 33. 29 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 84 30 Cf. Bartlett/Ghoshal 1990, p. 84. 31 Cf. Heine 2012, p. 2. 32 Cf. Chevalier/Mazzalovo 2008, p. viii Definition and terminology 9 According to Kapferer and Bastien a luxury brand can be defined by six criteria33 An extremely hedonistic deliver or product The price is exceedingly higher compared to the functional value Tied to a tradition, exclusive expertise and cultur e ascribed to the brand Accessible only through controlled and restrained distribution Obtainable with tailored supplementary services. Indicating a social representation, making the holder or beneficiary feel special and favour 2. 6 Luxury versus premium car market The concept of luxury is represented in numerous sectors of activities 34. In this study we will look into more details of the specifics of the automobiles luxury sector. According to Chevalier and Mazzalovo luxury automobiles are those cars that consumer perceive as being very special and different from the others. 35 It is necessary to assure between the concept of luxury and the concept of premium.The term luxury vehicle suggests a vehicle with a higher quality equipment, better performance, particularly precise construction, comfort, higher design, technologically innovative, and features that transfer an image, brand, status or prestige. Often the image is strongly related to the country of origin of the produc t. Premium products are upper-range branded products with an increase price without the emotional characteristics like hedonism or myth. Upper premium brands remain comparative, whereas luxury is superlative. 36 fitted founts for this difference can be found in the car sedulousness.While an Audi A6 or A8 are super-premium cars because of the exquisite usage value they provide, an Aston Martin or a Lamborghini are luxury cars because of their rarity and the prestige of the name. 37 33 Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 47. 34 Sectors of activities of luxury Ready-to-wear cloth, jewelry and watches, perfumes and cosmetics, fashion accessories, wines and spirits, automobiles, hotels, tourism and private banking. 35 Cf. Chevalier/Mazzalovo 2008, p. x. 36 Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 43f. Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 53. 37 Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p.53. 10 Strategic examples wiz historic management error that underlines the difference between luxury and premium is the Jaguar case. When Ford acquired Jaguar in 1989 they invested a lot in technology and training of the Jaguar employees. Thanks to common platforms with Ford they act to sell small Jaguars. But this strategy seriously damaged the image of Jaguar and loosing the feeling of exclusivity they bemused the luxury status. 38 3 Strategic examples In this chapter the before described theoretic information should be put together into a strategic framework.The strategic examples that will be considered are the most successful competitors of Maserati in terms unit sales Porsche, Audi, Mercedes and BMW (figure 4). The first step was to obtain an overview of the structure of these companies and to identify their dependencies among separately other and with other organizations (appendix 7. 3). The second step was to identify certain characteristics of these organizations and to put them into a framework developed to identify their degree of globalization or localization (appendix 7. 4). Based on this informat ion a moving picture of their strategic directions has been deduced (appendix 7.5). Bentley 2,57% Audi 6,56% Maserati 1,81% Jaguar 3,06% Maserati Market 2012 Aston Martin 1,74% Ferrari 1,26% Lexus 0,09% Porsche 48,43% BMW 12,23% Mercedes-Benz 22,25% Figure 4 The Maserati market in Germany in 2012 (market shares) 38 Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 51. 39 Management Services Helwig Smitt GmbH, Hofgeismar. 39 Strategic examples 3. 1 11 Daimler AG Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz invented the automobile in 1886. 40 Today the Daimler concourse integrates different car manu pointurers such as Mercedes-Benz, Smart and Maybach.Co operational with various organizations worldwide it has converted from a mainly domestically oriented exporting company to a globally operating one. The company is now well established not only in Europe but also in Brazil and Argentina and has established joint ventures also in China. 41 However for the Daimler Group the cultural inertia has been difficult to overco me, and global pretensions and traditional German attachments form a contradictory and volcanic mix. 42 Therefore it is difficult to classify the group to Bartlett and Ghoshals model.The Daimler AG is rather a gang between the multinational and the global organization. Mercedes-Benz being historically strongly connected to its German grow has a centralized HQ, but at the same time its business units have been made self-responsible profit centres and procural of materials is globally coordinated for each group of materials. Furthermore this has been intensified through local settlement of direct production, more consultancies and engineering in the branches, and also some development tasks located outside Germany. 43.Daimler is relocating its production sites into emergent markets, as for example the recently opened site in Hungary. This trend can be underlined by its decreasing production figures in Europe. They are currently reducing their production in Sindelfingen. 44 3. 2 BM W AG The BMW group may be the most German focused of the three companies. It is globalized in its objectives rather than in its activities. 45 Approximately 60% of the production of BMW is still located in Germany (figure 5). However BMW is one of 40 Cf. Daimler AG 2012, p. 4. 41 Cf. Lane 2001, p. 84.42 Cf. Lane 2001, p. 85 43 Cf. Lane 2011, p. 84f. 44 Cf. Berens 2012, p. 17 45 Cf. Lane 2011, p. 86. 12 Strategic examples the most respected brands in the world. The explanations for BMWs success are a strong brand character, a stable, family shareholding and a very German business philosophy. 46 It can be deduced that having local roots increases the perceived value of BMW. Producing nearly all its automobiles in Germany customers perceive BMW as an authentic product of German culture. BMW follows the same strategy of keeping the Mini production in England.47 South Africa, 3,06% China, 5,65% Austria, 5,91% CKD, 2,16% UK, 11,23% US, 15,88% Germany, 56,11% Figure 5 Vehicle production of the BMW Group in the world in 2011 48 Therefore BMW can be classified an international organization according to Bartlett and Ghoshals model. BMWs key competences are centralized but many other competences are decentralized. Thus BMW efficaciously implements the strategy of local assembling and local purchasing in countries with high customs duties on imports such as Russia, Thailand or India.However, under the terms of the distinction between luxury and premium products, the cars assembled in Thailand would not longer be defined as luxury products. They do serve to initiate customers into the brand, who then should develop the desire to purchase a received BMW made in Germany. 49 BMWs Management Meeting Place is a good example for the acquisition of knowledge in the HQ and then transferring it to the branches. First this discussion platform has been started in Germany and then it was transferred to locations abroad.The feature that this strategy works, and that behind BMW probab ly stands a 46 Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 67. 47 Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 78. 48 Cf. BMW AG 2012, p. 28. 49 Cf. Kapferer/Bastien 2012, p. 78. 13 Strategic examples strong team is underlined by the fact that BMW has been rewarded being The Worlds Most Attractive Employer by a study conduced lately. In fact the employee attrition ratio at BMW has decreased continuously in the last 3 yrs (figure 6). 5,85 component part of workforce 6,00 4,59 5,00 4,00 2,74 2,66 2,16 3,00 2,00 1,00 0,00 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011.Figure 6 Employee attrition ratio at BMW AG 3. 3 50 Volkswagen AG The Volkswagen Group maybe is the most advanced example of a conglomerate of successful car manufacturing businesss. Among all the subsidiary brands the most significant ones are Volkswagen AG, Audi AG and Porsche AG, but there are also Bentley, Lamborghini, vest and Skoda (appendix 7. 3). In fact Porsche owns 32,5% of the Volkswagen Group shares. Succeeding in managing a portfolio of so dissimilar organ izations under one umbrella certainly makes the Volkswagen Group to a transnational organization according to Bartlett and Ghoshal.The cooperation in-between the brands of the Volkswagen Group are very well developed. One successful example of this approach is the common hybrid drive used in the Porsche Panamera, Cayenne and VW Touareg 51 . In addition the Volkswagen group has only little out-of-door cooperation mainly in the area of researching. The key competences remain inside the group. Becoming an integrated automotive industry is part of the groups Strategy 2018. However, every single brand has its specific fools. Volkswagens target is to 50 Cf.BMW AG 2012, p. 39. 51 Cf. Porsche AG 2012, p. 67. The Maserati case 14 become the global market leader by 201852. This underlines the global factor. On the other side Porsches target is to become the leader of exclusive sports cars manufacturers53. Audi finally has the target to become the premium brand that delights customers worldw ide 54 . Therefore the groups values and capabilities remain inside the group and with a broad portfolio of interdependent and specialize brands completely different target groups can be addressed.The Volkswagen Group leads the global tendencies of the considered companies. But the core strategic functions (e. g. RD and design) remain mainly German. However the Volkswagen Group also recognizes the importance of knowing the local sources and therefore has apply the C3-Sourcing program. Becoming technical, organizational and social laboratories foreign branches contribute to the integration of the whole groups worldwide activities. Hence some Audi models that have the same platform as Volkswagen models are now produced in Volkswagen factories in China.This local adaptation is the key of success for Audis sales in China, where the top members of the communist caller cannot own a car unless it is made in China, but at the same time it forces the brand to give up their luxury strategy and replace it with a premium one. 4 The Maserati case 4. 1 Introduction to Maserati The Italian sports cars producer with the trident on the logo has been founded as Societa Anonima Officine Alfieri Maserati on December 1st 1914 in Bologna. Maserati was originally founded as a family business, but in 1937 it was sold to the Orsi family.In 1968 it was sold to Citroen and finally became part of the social club Group in 1993. 55 Thanks to his big sister Ferrari, Maserati has been reconstructed and from 2006 stands alone now in the structure of the Fiat S. p. a. (see figure 7). Today Maseratis headquarter is based in Modena and it has devil production sites in the north of Italy. Furthermore Maserati is divided in regions (Europe, Asia Pacific, 52 Cf. Volkswagen AG 2012, p. 233. 53 Cf. Porsche AG 2012, p. 14. 54 Cf. Audi AG 2012, p . 131. 55 Cf. Wikipedia 2012a. 15 The Maserati case.America and kernel East) with national branches in each separate country (e. g. France, Germany, Uni ted Kingdom). Maserati is currently becoming more and more significant for the rest of the Fiat Group. The first strategic milestone of the so-called 2010-2014 plan was the integration of the Chrysler Group in June 2011. Figure 8 shows the increase of 30% of the workforce through this merger, mainly in uniting America. * including 58,5% Chrysler Group LLC Maserati (100%) Fiat Group Automobiles* (100%) AUTOMOBILES Fiat S. p. a. Ferrari (90%) Fiat Powertrain (100%) Magneti Marelli (100%).COMPONENTS PRODUCTION SYSTEMS Teksid (84,8%) Comau (100%) Figure 7 Structure of the Fiat S. p. a. Workforce 80 62,583 63,214 60 40 2011 2010 60,336 44,668 24,616 23,596 20 56 39,498 5,579 0 5,838 Italy Europe (excl. Italy) NAFTA Mercosur 4,894 other regions Figure 8 Increase of the workforce in the Fiat Group through the integration of Chrysler in 2011 56 Cf. Fiat S. p. a. 2011, p. 11. 57 Cf. Fiat S. p. a. 2012c, p. 30. 57 The Maserati case 16 The second milestone was the plan presented in February 2011 in which 500 million were invested for the relaunch a production site58.In this new pIant two new models will be produced The new Maserati Quattroporte by the end of 2012 and the Maserati Ghibli in the second half of the year 2013. 59 Thereby Maserati plans to increase its sales While in 2011 Maserati sold 6,159 vehicles worldwide, in 2013 20,000 units are planed and by 2015 a growth up until to 50,000 vehicles per year is projected. 60 The Maserati S. p. a. can be classified as a global organization. They concentrate their decision and strategy making in the HQ in Italy and product development, production and marketing strategies remain centralized.The function of the branches is reduced to the implementation and realization of sales, services and marketing activities. The reason is connect to the strong connection with the domestic country and the patriarchal organizational culture that has developed over the years. One cultural example for this approach is that usually in the branches employees refer to the HQ as the factory. And while until today Maseratis production sites are located just in the domestic market, by the use of a common platform and production site with the Jeep Grand Cherokee in the United States for the new SUV model, Maserati will enter also in the global environment.4. 2 Maseratis strength 4. 2. 1 The cooperation with the Fiat Group Being part of the Fiat Group is strength and weakness at the same time for Maserati. Through the cooperation with the other brands of the group, Maserati can benefit from economies of scale and scope. E. g. particular engines for Maserati are developed and produced in the production site of Ferrari. Another example is the collaboration with Jeep that will allow the new Maserati Levante to share the expertise of Jeep in make SUVs.61 Moreover the fact that the production of this new Model will be relocated to the United States will finally transform Maserati from a purely domestic manufacturer to a gl obal player. 58 Officine Automobilitische Grugliasco. 59 Cf. Fiat S. p. a. 2012c, p. 34. 60 Cf. Wehner 2012. 61 Cf. Baedecker 2012. The Maserati case 17 4. 2. 2 The luxury image Maserati as a brand itself and the Maserati products are stereotypes of luxury. Maserati is like none of its competitors a unique iconic and superlative brand that stands for an extravagant Italian lifestyle and sportiness.It boodle from its long-time racing experience and expertise in building extremely performing engines. Additionally some separate are tailor made and its products are positioned in an upmarket pricing class that does not jibe with the functional value they provide. Moreover until today the units sold are rather restricted and therefore it is still a rarity to see a Maserati on the road. Thus possessing a Maserati is to a high degree socially representative and makes the owner feel special and privileged. Maserati is a myth and continuous to benefit from this legend.4. 2. 3 Driving perfor mance Another very strong characteristic of Maserati is its driving performance. Driving a Maserati is an arouse driving experience from the very first moment you switch on the engine. The expertise in building extremely performing engines is definitely a strength that should not be underestimated. Hearing a Maseratis V-8 engine scream on the way to its 7200-rpm redline is an experience gear heads will cherish. 62 4. 2. 4 The mess that work for Maserati The people that work for Maserati are fundamental assets.A mixture of experienced and long-established employees on the one side and on the other side young, motivated and talented staff are the most important ingredient for the team that is able to face the current challenges. Maseratis employees identify with the brand to a high level and therefore live for the brand. E. g. in the HQs in Modena are hanging poster with the slogan I am Maserati. 62 Cf. Floraday 2011. The Maserati case 4. 3 18 Maseratis weaknesses 4. 3. 1 The image of the Fiat Group As mentioned above, being connected to mass-market brands like Fiat and Chrylser could affect Maseratis luxury status.This is primarily related to the image of Fiats quality standards. The fact that some components are commonly introduced in both, Maserati and Fiat, could severely damage Maseratis reputation. 4. 3. 2 Progress and technology Except for its engines, Maserati is not using the most advanced technology in his cars until now. Competition from other car manufacturers is very strong in this background (e. g. Porsche or BMW). Therefore this is a threat especially in those markets where technology and innovation are very important factors in the consumer buying behaviour process (e. g. Russia or Germany).Moreover while other manufacturers have already developed new propulsive forces e. g. the new Daimler electric fleet63, Maserati continued only the evolution of traditional fuel and diesel engines. As the petrol price rises also this threat is increasing. A nd depending on the trend of the environmental regulations in Europe and in the rest of the world, this lack of development could become an increasing challenge for the conterminous future of Maserati. 4. 3. 3 Dealer network Another threat is the necessity to improve and expand the principal sum network. There is a clear need to increase the distribution capillarity by appointing additional dealers.Moreover, there is also a need to transform the existing dealers bringing them to focus their activities and organizations on the brand. Dedicated sales, after-sales and marketing forces will be key to this transformation. E. g. most of the Maserati dealers sell also Ferraris and should adapt their staff with personnel consecrated exclusively towards Maserati. 63 Cf. Daimler AG 2012, p. 41. The Maserati case 4. 4 19 Maseratis opportunities 4. 4. 1 industrial opportunities With its current models range (Quattroporte, Gran Cabrio and Gran Turismo) Maserati is represented in the core segme nts.